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Solzhenitsyn was awarded the 1970 Nobel Prize in Literature "for the ethical force with which he has pursued the indispensable traditions of Russian literature".

He was an outspoken critic of the Soviet Union and communism and helped to raise global awareness of its Gulag forced labor camp system.

He wrote several important works of fiction which reflect life in the Soviet Union, including One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, Cancer Ward, August 1914, and The Gulag Archipelago.

He could publish only one of his novels, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, in the Soviet Union, with the rest of his novels being published elsewhere. Solzhenitsyn was eventually expelled from the Soviet Union in 1974.


Solzhenitsyn was afraid to go to Stockholm to receive his award for fear that he would not be allowed to reenter the USSR. He was eventually expelled from the Soviet Union in 1974, but returned to Russia in 1994 after the state's dissolution.

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